[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":785},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/en-us/blog/introducing-review-apps":3,"navigation-en-us":32,"banner-en-us":431,"footer-en-us":441,"blog-post-authors-en-us-Mark Pundsack":683,"blog-related-posts-en-us-introducing-review-apps":697,"assessment-promotions-en-us":736,"next-steps-en-us":775},{"id":4,"title":5,"authorSlugs":6,"body":8,"categorySlug":9,"config":10,"content":14,"description":8,"extension":21,"isFeatured":12,"meta":22,"navigation":23,"path":24,"publishedDate":19,"seo":25,"stem":29,"tagSlugs":30,"__hash__":31},"blogPosts/en-us/blog/introducing-review-apps.yml","Introducing Review Apps",[7],"mark-pundsack",null,"company",{"slug":11,"featured":12,"template":13},"introducing-review-apps",false,"BlogPost",{"title":5,"description":15,"authors":16,"heroImage":18,"date":19,"body":20,"category":9},"Transform your development flow with temporary review apps",[17],"Mark Pundsack","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749671443/Blog/Hero%20Images/review_apps_cover.png","2016-11-22","\n\n{::options parse_block_html=\"true\" /}\n\nLet's talk about deploys. When a developer starts out with a new idea for an application, they'll typically start working locally, where running the app is as simple as typing `rails server` or `npm start`. But at some point, you need to deploy that app somewhere so that other people, hopefully paying customers, can use it. An easy place to start is to deploy to Heroku or maybe you're using a massive Kubernetes cluster, but really, there are tons of options out there. This post is not about those options. It's about deployment strategy.\n\n\u003C!-- more -->\n\n## Baby steps\n\nWhen you start, you have no users so there's very little risk in deploying directly to production. If you're still pitching your ideas to VCs, for example, you want your changes pushed up right away, usually right before a big meeting, so you push directly whenever you're ready. Nobody uses the app when you're not showing it to them, so who cares about \"production downtime\" or pushing untested code with bugs; nobody is using it! So you'll go ahead and create a production app named the same as your project:\n\n- **tanuki**\n\nBut of course, you really hope things don't stop there. You push some code, test it out, then get some real users, and eventually you realize you should have a separate app for testing that doesn't affect your real users. So you create a `staging` version, configured as much like production as possible including a production database, memcache or Redis, New Relic, Papertrail, and everything else you have added to your production app, but maybe scaled down so it doesn't cost as much. :) And if you're using GitLab, you'll probably embrace [continuous delivery](/blog/continuous-integration-delivery-and-deployment-with-gitlab/#continuous-delivery) and set it up to automatically deploy to `staging` any time `master` is updated (but still require a manual deploy to go all the way to production):\n\n- **tanuki**\n- **tanuki-staging**\n\nBut what about testing out changes earlier on in development? Say you've got a merge request that you want your coworker to check out to see if you're going in the right direction? Ever tried to review a merge request involving CSS just by looking at the code? Yeah, it's not fun. You really need to see it running to know if it's OK or not. So, you start out by asking your team members to pull down your topic branch (you did create a topic branch for your change, right?) and then run the code locally to see how it looks.\n\n```shell\ngit pull origin\ngit checkout topic-branch\nbundle install\nrails server # or npm start or whatever\n```\nThat works for a while, especially while your entire company is full of developers, but what happens as you grow and you've got product managers, QA testers, and designers that may not have their development environment set up, or are just too busy to bother pulling down your branch just to see your code run. So you create a new `dev` app to show off your code on a running server:\n\n- **tanuki**\n- **tanuki-dev**\n- **tanuki-staging**\n\nThen your team grows and one day you're running your topic branch on the dev server and someone else pushes a different branch to test their thing, not realizing you were already using the server. Now you realize you need a separate app for each developer on your team:\n\n- **tanuki**\n- **tanuki-grzegorz**\n- **tanuki-kamil**\n- **tanuki-mark**\n- ...\n- **tanuki-staging**\n\nThis lets developers show off their work to their manager or product manager without getting overwritten by another developer. But at some point, in any fast-moving company, a single developer might have multiple features under development and want to demo them at any time, without having to micromanage their single `dev` app. So, you start creating new apps dedicated to big features.\n\n- ...\n- **tanuki-new-interface**\n- **tanuki-refactor-signup**\n- ...\n\nBut apps should be easy to create and destroy, so why not create a new one for every branch?\n\n- **tanuki**\n- **tanuki-6-update-logo**\n- **tanuki-7-refactor-backend**\n- ...\n- **tanuki-328-fix-typo**\n- **tanuki-grzegorz**\n- **tanuki-kamil**\n- **tanuki-mark**\n- **tanuki-staging**\n\nAs you can see, this gets complicated pretty quickly and boy, would that be a lot to manage manually.\n\nOver the last few releases, and culminating in 8.14, GitLab has been working to make this easier.\n\n## Introducing Review Apps\n\nReview Apps are ephemeral app environments that are created dynamically every time you push a new branch up to GitLab, and they're automatically deleted when the branch is deleted. This sounds nice and all, but what good is it? Well, rather than having a single `dev` environment for a project, or even separate `dev` apps for each developer, you get a new app for every topic branch, automatically. This let's you test and demo new features without having to ask in chat \"hey, can I deploy to `dev`?\" It's even better for the people on the periphery. Product managers can check out exactly what a merge request is going to look like without having to download and run a topic branch. QA and other users can take a look without having a development environment installed on their laptop at all.\n\n![Environments](https://about.gitlab.com/images/blogimages/review-app-environments.png)\n\nOnce you embrace review apps, you'll find it hard to go back. You'll get rid of all your `dev` apps. You might even move on to full [continuous deployment](/blog/continuous-integration-delivery-and-deployment-with-gitlab/#continuous-deployment) and get rid of your `staging` app. After all, the feature will have gone through full automated CI testing, and with high fidelity feature-level testing on a review app, `staging` becomes an unnecessary speed bump on your way to full-speed productivity. Once a merge request is approved and merged, have it automatically deployed to `production`!\n\n![Deploy Flow](https://about.gitlab.com/images/blogimages/deploy_review_apps.png)\n\nReview Apps aren't just for large teams; they're great even for solo developers. Review Apps mean you have an environment running that contains only the code changes of one merge request. This solves four problems:\n\n1. Having each change go through multiple stages (development, staging and QA stages).\n1. Finding a problem in staging or QA and having to research what merge request caused it.\n1. Having to add screenshots and videos to your merge request.\n1. Looking at a merge request and not being able to test the UX and edge cases.\n\nTo [get started with Review Apps](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/review_apps/), you'll need to figure how to create and deploy a new app using shell scripts, then put that into your `.gitlab-ci.yml` in a special job.\n\nYou might use NGINX with subdirectories, like [we do for about.gitlab.com](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/blob/master/.gitlab-ci.yml#L33-70). Or use the [Openshift client to create and build new apps](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-examples/review-apps-openshift/blob/master/.gitlab-ci.yml). Either way, you're in full control, creating and deploying temporary review apps on your own private infrastructure. Need them behind a firewall on dedicated PCs? No problem. Want them deployed in the cloud using the latest Docker technology? No problem. If you can script it, we can run it with GitLab CI.\n\n## A simple example\n\nThe `.gitlab-ci.yml` syntax is somewhat complex because we prefer being explicit over hiding magic. This example shows two jobs, one to start/update a review app, and the other to stop it. The key is in the declaration of an `environment` that has both its `name` and `url` be dynamic, based on the Git branch name. You can name the environment anything you like, but if you follow the convention of starting it with `review/`, the GitLab UI will group the apps in a `review` folder. The `start_review` job then points to the `stop_review` job using the `on_stop` keyword, which helps signal to GitLab to show the option to \"stop\" or delete the environment in several places in the GitLab interface. Setting the [`GIT_STRATEGY` to `none`](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/runners/configure_runners.html#git-strategy) is necessary on the `stop_review` job so that the [GitLab Runner](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner) won't try to checkout the code after the branch is deleted. And of course both jobs only run on branches other than `master`.\n\n```yaml\nstart_review:\n  stage: review\n  script:\n    - rsync -av --delete public /srv/nginx/pages/$CI_BUILD_REF_NAME\n  environment:\n    name: review/$CI_BUILD_REF_NAME\n    url: http://$CI_BUILD_REF_NAME.$APPS_DOMAIN\n    on_stop: stop_review\n  only:\n    - branches\n  except:\n    - master\n\nstop_review:\n  stage: review\n  variables:\n    GIT_STRATEGY: none\n  script:\n    - rm -rf public /srv/nginx/pages/$CI_BUILD_REF_NAME\n  when: manual\n  environment:\n    name: review/$CI_BUILD_REF_NAME\n    action: stop\n  only:\n    - branches\n  except:\n    - master\n\n```\n\n## Conclusion\n\nReview Apps are about improving the fidelity and speed of review; bringing everyone (product managers, QA, designers, etc.) into the conversation earlier, with higher quality information, so you move faster from idea to production. After you embrace them, you'll look back and wonder how you ever lived without them.\n\nDynamic environments were first introduced with experimental support in 8.12 and the ability to manually stop dynamic environments was introduced in 8.13. 8.14 adds automatic stopping of environments on branch deletion, as well as environment folders in the UI. With that, Review Apps are no longer considered experimental. Review apps are available now, for free, in GitLab CE, GitLab EE, and on GitLab.com.\n\n## Further reading\n\n- [Review Apps documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/review_apps/)\n- [Environments documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/environments/index.html)\n- [Review Apps with NGINX example project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-examples/review-apps-nginx)\n- [Review Apps with Openshift example project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-examples/review-apps-openshift)\n\n","yml",{},true,"/en-us/blog/introducing-review-apps",{"title":5,"description":15,"ogTitle":5,"ogDescription":15,"noIndex":12,"ogImage":18,"ogUrl":26,"ogSiteName":27,"ogType":28,"canonicalUrls":26},"https://about.gitlab.com/blog/introducing-review-apps","https://about.gitlab.com","article","en-us/blog/introducing-review-apps",[],"6-XcdC4ZVW55FKQnhomjEhZyczQ-1SU-SX5CvFhRyOA",{"data":33},{"logo":34,"freeTrial":39,"sales":44,"login":49,"items":54,"search":361,"minimal":392,"duo":411,"pricingDeployment":421},{"config":35},{"href":36,"dataGaName":37,"dataGaLocation":38},"/","gitlab logo","header",{"text":40,"config":41},"Get free trial",{"href":42,"dataGaName":43,"dataGaLocation":38},"https://gitlab.com/-/trial_registrations/new?glm_source=about.gitlab.com&glm_content=default-saas-trial/","free trial",{"text":45,"config":46},"Talk to 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names Bill Staples as new CEO","Co-founder Sid Sijbrandij transitions to Executive Chair of the Board.",[703],"Sid Sijbrandij","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749665388/Blog/Hero%20Images/Revised2.png","2024-12-05","__This message from Sid Sijbrandij and Bill Staples was shared with GitLab team members earlier today.__ \n\n__Sid:__ On today’s earnings call, I announced that I am stepping down as CEO and will remain Executive Chair of the Board. I also introduced GitLab’s new CEO, [Bill Staples](https://www.linkedin.com/in/williamstaples/). \n\nAs a Board, we routinely do succession planning. This includes conversations with a number of top executives. We’ve been having these conversations in greater earnest since my cancer returned. Through these discussions, we identified someone uniquely qualified to lead GitLab. I want more time to focus on my cancer treatment and health. My treatments are going well, my cancer is not metastatic, and I'm working towards making a full recovery. Stepping down from a role that I love is not easy, but I believe that it is the right decision for GitLab.\n\nI couldn't be more excited to introduce you to Bill Staples, who will be leading GitLab into its next chapter. Bill will be GitLab’s CEO, effective today. He will also join the GitLab Board as a Director. Bill was most recently a public company CEO at New Relic. During his time there, he significantly increased the value of the company by accelerating revenue and driving increased profitability. He also brings decades of experience in leadership roles at Adobe and Microsoft. When I began speaking with Bill, I was immediately drawn to his customer-centric approach and deep product expertise. As I got to know him further, I knew that his shared value system made him the right person for this role, for our team members, for our customers, and for our shareholders. I feel fortunate that GitLab has found someone with a great leadership track record and strong DevOps expertise to lead GitLab into the future.\n\nWe have come so far from the early days when we launched GitLab.com. We have created the DevOps category and are the leader in the Gartner Magic Quadrant for both vision and execution. Millions of people now use GitLab to deliver software faster and more efficiently. We have integrated AI, Security, and Compliance into our platform to offer our enterprise customers the strongest AI-powered DevSecOps solution. We have also built GitLab in collaboration with our contributors. Last quarter, we had an all-time high of an estimated 1,800 code contributions from the wider community. It is incredible that as GitLab grew, our contributor community grew with us. We have done all of this while being a values-driven company, leading in all-remote work, championing transparency through our public handbook and culture, and co-creating with the wider community.\n\nI feel many things today, but more than anything else, I am grateful. I want to thank our customers. Driving results for them has been at the core of GitLab’s values, and I greatly appreciate their trust in us. I want to thank the wider GitLab community for their trust and enthusiasm. Their tens of thousands of contributions have greatly enhanced GitLab and its value for all users. Thank you, GitLab team members. Your contributions are at the core of GitLab’s success and the value we drive for our customers. Thank you, E-Group. You are amazing partners and collaborators in leading GitLab and our team members to achieve our very best. Thank you, GitLab Board. I have appreciated your support throughout my time as CEO and look forward to our ongoing partnership as I continue to serve as Executive Chair. And, thank you, Bill. I am excited for you to lead our next phase of growth. I am here to support you and the company in GitLab’s next chapter!\n\nI couldn't be more thrilled about Bill and what's ahead for GitLab with him at the helm. We have an incredible opportunity in front of us. Software has never mattered more, and GitLab is well-positioned to be the platform that best enables folks to create, secure, and operate it. I look forward to staying part of the company and being actively involved wherever Bill can use me. \n\n__Bill:__ Thanks, Sid, for the warm welcome! I greatly admire you and what you have accomplished. Very few people in the world have built a $10B market-cap technology company, taken it public, and scaled it to $750M in run-rate revenue. You have done incredible things with GitLab, and I’m grateful you will continue to play a meaningful role in the company. I appreciate your trust in me and commit to building upon the successes you and others should rightfully celebrate. \n\nI am so excited about GitLab and the opportunity ahead of us. Over the coming decade, we will see software-driven transformation around the world as AI accelerates and transforms the software revolution already in motion. GitLab and our mission are going to be more important than ever. I look forward to working with this team to scale GitLab well beyond where it is today.\n",[708],"news",{"slug":710,"featured":23,"template":13},"gitlab-names-bill-staples-as-new-ceo",{"content":712,"config":720},{"title":713,"description":714,"authors":715,"heroImage":717,"date":718,"body":719,"category":9},"Our Privacy Policy has been updated","Our updated Privacy Policy clarifies our existing data processing activities.",[716],"GitLab","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749664472/Blog/Hero%20Images/gitlabflatlogomap.png","2023-06-14","As part of our commitment to keeping our policies current, we made some updates to our [Privacy Policy](/privacy/) on June 14, 2022.  These updates are intended to clarify our existing data processing activities and to provide information on processing that may derive from new features.  Through this update, we continue to provide transparency to our data processing activities, in line with an evolving privacy landscape.  Specifically, these policy updates include the following:\n\n- Clarification about which processing activities apply to each respective GitLab product;\n- Information about when personal data may be collected to verify someone’s identity to enable certain product features;\n- Clarification about what personal data is collected to provide a license and maintain a subscription; \n- Additional information regarding our Service Usage data collection practices, and the inclusion of certain processing activities, such as Event Analytics and Call Recordings;\n- Additional information regarding the purposes for which personal data is collected;\n- Minor updates regarding our legal basis for processing your personal data in the European Union; \n- Updates to our data retention practices for inactive accounts; \n- Clarification about how to delete your personal data at GitLab and how deletion is effectuated for public projects; \n- An additional notice that details our processing and your rights under the California Consumer Privacy Act, including CCPA metrics reporting;\n\nOverall, we believe that these updates will empower our users to make informed decisions about their personal data.  Please visit the complete text of our Privacy Policy and [Cookie Policy](/privacy/cookies/) to learn more about how GitLab processes personal data and your rights and choices regarding such processing.\n",{"slug":721,"featured":12,"template":13},"our-privacy-policy-has-been-updated",{"content":723,"config":734},{"title":724,"description":725,"authors":726,"heroImage":728,"date":729,"body":730,"category":9,"tags":731},"Rate limitations for unauthorized users of the Projects List API","Learn details about upcoming changes for unauthenticated users of the Projects List API.",[727],"Christina Lohr","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749664087/Blog/Hero%20Images/tanukicover.jpg","2023-04-10","\n\nStarting on May 22 for self-managed GitLab, and May 8 for GitLab.com, unauthenticated users will be subject to rate limitations when using the Projects List API. This change has been made to ensure the stability and reliability of our platform for all users.\n\n**Note:** Authorized users are not affected by this change.\n\n## What is the the Projects List API?\n\nThe Projects List API provides information about GitLab projects, including name, description, and other metadata. This API is widely used by our community, including researchers, developers, and integrators, to retrieve and analyze information about GitLab projects. We value this usage and aim to support it as much as possible.\n\n## Rate limitation details\n\nIn recent months, we have observed that the frequency and intensity of requests made by unauthenticated, also known as anonymous, users to the Projects List API have increased significantly. This has resulted in an increased load on our servers, which has impacted the performance and stability of our platform for all users. To address this issue, we have decided to introduce rate limitations for unauthenticated users.\n\nAs a consequence of this change, unauthenticated users of the Projects List API will be limited to 400 requests per 10 minutes per unique IP address on GitLab.com. If an unauthenticated user exceeds this limit, the user will receive a \"429 Too Many Requests\" response. On GitLab.com, this limit cannot be changed. Users of self-managed GitLab instances have the same rate limitation set by default, but [admins can change the rate limits](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/administration/settings/rate_limit_on_projects_api.html#rate-limit-on-projects-api) as they see fit via the UI or the application settings API. They can also set the rate limit to zero, which acts as if there is no rate limitation at all.\n\nWe understand that this change may impact some of our users who rely on the Projects List API, and we apologize for any inconvenience this may cause. We encourage users who need to make more than 400 requests per 10 minutes to the Projects List API to [sign up for a GitLab account](/pricing/), which provides higher rate limits and other benefits, such as access to additional APIs and integrations.\n\nIf you have any questions or concerns about this change, please do not hesitate to [leave feedback in this issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/404611).\n",[732,733,708],"product","features",{"slug":735,"featured":12,"template":13},"rate-limitation-for-unauthorized-users-projects-list-api",{"promotions":737},[738,752,763],{"id":739,"categories":740,"header":742,"text":743,"button":744,"image":749},"ai-modernization",[741],"ai-ml","Is AI achieving its promise at scale?","Quiz will take 5 minutes or less",{"text":745,"config":746},"Get your AI maturity score",{"href":747,"dataGaName":748,"dataGaLocation":236},"/assessments/ai-modernization-assessment/","modernization assessment",{"config":750},{"src":751},"https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1772138786/qix0m7kwnd8x2fh1zq49.png",{"id":753,"categories":754,"header":755,"text":743,"button":756,"image":760},"devops-modernization",[732,551],"Are you just managing tools or shipping innovation?",{"text":757,"config":758},"Get your DevOps maturity score",{"href":759,"dataGaName":748,"dataGaLocation":236},"/assessments/devops-modernization-assessment/",{"config":761},{"src":762},"https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1772138785/eg818fmakweyuznttgid.png",{"id":764,"categories":765,"header":767,"text":743,"button":768,"image":772},"security-modernization",[766],"security","Are you trading speed for security?",{"text":769,"config":770},"Get your security maturity score",{"href":771,"dataGaName":748,"dataGaLocation":236},"/assessments/security-modernization-assessment/",{"config":773},{"src":774},"https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1772138786/p4pbqd9nnjejg5ds6mdk.png",{"header":776,"blurb":777,"button":778,"secondaryButton":783},"Start building faster today","See what your team can do with the intelligent orchestration platform for DevSecOps.\n",{"text":779,"config":780},"Get your free trial",{"href":781,"dataGaName":43,"dataGaLocation":782},"https://gitlab.com/-/trial_registrations/new?glm_content=default-saas-trial&glm_source=about.gitlab.com/","feature",{"text":487,"config":784},{"href":47,"dataGaName":48,"dataGaLocation":782},1772652078682]